These common symptoms are typical of all trunk diseases:
- Dead spurs (Figure 1)
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Figure 1 – Dead spurs are found even in the dormant season. This dead spur, photographed in December, is flanked by spurs with canes. (Photo by Kendra Baumgartner)
- Stunted shoots (Figure 2)
Figure 2 – Stunted shoots are most apparent in early summer. Healthy-looking shoots continue to grow, but shoots on infected spurs (2nd spur from the end of this cordon) start to die. (Photo by Larry Bettiga).
- Woody symptoms (Figure 3)
Figure 3 – Internal wood symptoms are found year round. Cross-sectional cuts of the permanent woody structure of the vine (spurs, cordons, or trunk) expose cankers that vary widely in shape, color, and texture. (Photos by Renaud Travadon).
- Damage to a cordon or trunk from abiotic factors (e.g., girdling from wire, sunburn, mechanical injury, spray damage) can appear to be a trunk disease symptom (Figure 4). Vines heal from these types of physical injuries and may form new tissue around the wound, distinguishing such damage from that of a trunk disease.
Figure 4 – Stunted shoots (top) on a cordon wrapped too tightly to the training wire, which is girdling the cordon as it grows (closeup on bottom). (Photos by Mark Battany).
Figure 4, Close up girdling
Continue to learn more about different trunk diseases.
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